Storx is correct, and this I believe is seen at its best in Switzerland.

The main railway station in a City is well served by Bus Routes, Tram Lines and in some places linked in with a Metro System (Lausanne) or a Funicular / Cable Car (Neuchatel was one location but it wasn't working when I went).

At key locations buses are normally timed to arrive about 5 or 10 minutes before the train, and will depart 5 minutes after the train leaves, in some cases if the train is late (which I found very rare in my week there), the less frequent services that are co-ordinated with the trains are held for the train to arrive so passengers can make their transfer. Even trains are held for other trains depending on the route. Even changing between various modes of transport was pretty straight forward, even at one point I had to use a rail replacement service.

One location to the South of Basel called Dornach (https://www.flickr.com/photos/gjm-photog...1665179926) you could change between bus, train and tram and there is no ticket barriers and you can remain sheltered from the rain / snow. (The tram line is behind where I was standing, it has a balloon loop to turn the trams around (single ended operation here) and the tram platform is adjoining the train platform, this is a view from the tram showing the bus leaving the bus station section of the interchange. (https://www.flickr.com/photos/gjm-photog...1665180471). Here's a view of the tram platform for good measure - https://www.flickr.com/photos/gjm-photog...1688901316

Honestly, if you want to see Public Transport done well, go to Switzerland.